Corns are localised areas of callus. Sharply painful on weight bearing, they are removed by expert scalpel use.

Podiatrists have treatments for these common fungal and viral skin infections, which are otherwise unavailable.

Regular assessments to identify and prevent complications are essential.

There is a high risk of infection with ingrown nails. They may cause limping, and over time, additional pain and injury to the foot, knee and back. Careful nail cutting and advice is sufficient for most patients, however the only permanent cure is nail surgery.

The entire procedure can be performed in around 45 minutes. Under anaesthetic, the in growing section of the nail is removed painlessly, and the appropriate part of the nail is prevented from regrowing.

This is the application of engineering principles to and from the body. It is used in conjunction with Gait analysis.

Identification of posture and movement-related problems. These problems can be addressed with a combination of physical therapy and orthotics.

Athletes frequently require inflammation reduction, padding and strapping, for swift recovery. Gait analyses, orthotics and physical therapy are frequently used to prevent injuries.

Managing joints, connective and soft tissue conditions including, osteo and rheumatoid arthritis, gout, polymyalgia rheumatica and ankylosing spondylitis through pressure relief and biomechanics.

Concerned with the foot and its development within childhood, podopaediatrics requires detailed knowledge of genetics, psychological development and management at home and school.